Time periodic traveling wave solutions for periodic advection-reaction-diffusion systems (Q2451922)

The authors studied the existence and other qualitative behaviors of time periodic traveling wave solutions of the following periodic advection-reaction-diffusion system \[ u_{t}=d_{1}(t)\Delta u+\mathbf{{k}}(t)\cdot \nabla u+f(t,u,v), \] \[ v_{t}=d_{2}(t)\Delta v+\mathbf{{l}}(t)\cdot \nabla v+g(t,u,v), \] where \(\mathbf{{k}} (t)=(k_{1}(t),\cdots ,k_{n}(t)),\mathbf{l}(t)=(l_{1}(t),\cdots ,l_{n}(t)),d_{i}\) and \(k_{i},l_{i}\) are \(T-\)periodic and Hölder continuous functions of \(t\), \(d_{i}>0,t\in [ 0,T],\) and both \(f\) and \(g\) are \(T-\)periodic in \(t\). In particular, the system is a cooperative system. Here, a time periodic traveling wave of the system is a special solution of the following form \[ u(t,x)=X(t,x\cdot \nu -ct),X(t+T,z)=X(t,z), \] \[ v(t,x)=Y(t,x\cdot \nu -ct),Y(t+T,z)=Y(t,z), \] where \(z=x\cdot \nu -ct\) with a given unit vector \(\nu\in\mathbb R^n\) denoting the direction of motion of the wave. Moreover, the traveling waves also satisfy \[ X(t,\pm \infty )=\lim_{z\rightarrow \pm \infty }X(t,z)=u^{\pm }(t),y(t,\pm \infty )=\lim_{z\rightarrow \pm \infty }Y(t,z)=v^{\pm }(t), \] in which \((u^{+}(t), v^{+}(t))\), \((u^{-}(t), v^{-}(t))\) are the periodic solutions of the corresponding reaction system. Combining the irregular super and sub solutions with the regular theory of parabolic systems, the existence of time periodic traveling waves is proved by monotone iteration. Moreover, the decay rate of time periodic time periodic traveling wave is studied as it tends towards its unstable limiting state. With the help of comparison principle and the precise asymptotic behavior, the uniqueness and stability of time periodic traveling wave are established.