On Darboux polynomials and rational first integrals of the generalized Lorenz system (Q2452005)

The authors study the generalized Lorenz system. The generalized Lorenz system has the form \[ \dot{x}=a(y-x), \] \[ \dot{y}=bx + cy - x z, \] \[ \dot{z}=d z + x y, \] where \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\) are real parameters. In [\textit{K. Wu} and \textit{X. Zhang}, Bull. Sci. Math. 136, No. 3, 291--308 (2012; Zbl 1246.34018)] the characterization of all Darboux polynomials and rational first integrals of the generalized Lorenz system was given. The authors improve this work in two aspects. The first is that they obtain the same results in a much more straightforward way. In order to do that, the authors show the equivalence under generic conditions (i.e. \(c\neq 0\)), between the Lorenz system \[ \dot{X}=\sigma (Y-X), \] \[ \dot{Y}= \rho X - Y - X Z, \] \[ \dot{Z}= -\beta Z + X Y \] and the generalized Lorenz system by means of a linear scaling in time and coordinates. Consequently, from the well-known results on Darboux polynomials and its algebraic integrability for the Lorenz system, the authors obtain directly the corresponding results for the generalized Lorenz system. Therefore it is not necessary to do all the long and intricate computations carried out in the work of K. Wu, X. Zhang to get the results on the generalized Lorenz system. The second improvement concerns the case \(c=0\). The authors find in this case a new Darboux polynomial of the generalized Lorenz system, not detected in the previous work, which is also a first integral. Thereby, the authors complete the list provided by the previous work of all Darboux polynomials and rational first integrals of the generalized Lorenz system. In the last section of the work the authors particularize the results for the Chen and the Lü systems.