A note on conjugacy classes of finite groups. (Q2452159)

The authors classify all finite groups satisfying three different conditions with regard to their conjugacy classes and subgroups. These classifications are the following. Let \(G\) be a finite group, then: (a) Each non-trivial conjugacy class of \(G\) together with the identity element, 1, is a subgroup of \(G\) if and only if \(G\) is an elementary Abelian \(2\)-group; (b) The union of any two distinct non-trivial conjugacy classes of \(G\) together with 1 is a subgroup of \(G\) if and only if \(G\) is isomorphic to \(C_3\) or \(S_3\); (c) The union of any three distinct non-trivial conjugacy classes of \(G\) together with 1 is a subgroup of \(G\) if and only if \(G\) is isomorphic to \(C_4\), \(C_2\times C_2\), \(D_5\) or \(A_4\). The proofs are elementary and are divided into two cases: the Abelian and the non-Abelian cases.