A nonlocal inhomogeneous dispersal process (Q2455608)

This article deals with the following non-local initial value problem: \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}(x,t) = \int_{\mathbb R}K(x,\,y)u(y,t)\, dy - u(x,t), \;\;\text{in}\; {\mathbb R} \times [0,\infty), \] \[ u(x,0)=u_0(x), \; \text{in}\; {\mathbb R}. \] Here, the kernel \(K(x,\,y)\) is of the form \[ \displaystyle K(x,\,y)= J\left(\frac{x-y}{g(y)}\right) \frac{1}{g(y)}, \] \(J: {\mathbb R} \rightarrow {\mathbb R}\) is a non-negative, smooth, even function, such that its support is \([-1,\,1]\) and \( \int_{\mathbb R} J(r) dr =1\). Under suitable hypotheses upon \(g\) and the kernel \(J\), the global existence of mass preserving solutions for the initial value problem is shown. Moreover, it is shown that these solutions have an infinite speed of propagation. The steady-state problem associated to this equation is also studied. The authors prove the existence of a non-trivial non-negative stationary solution and find a necessary and two sufficient conditions for the boundedness of this solution. In the last part of the paper, the asymptotic behaviour \((t\rightarrow \infty)\) of finite mass solutions for the initial value problem is considered. By constructing a Lyapunov functional, the local convergence of solutions towards zero takes place, under some additional assumption on the function \(g(x)\).