Algebraic solutions of holomorphic foliations: an algorithmic approach (Q2457351)

The study of the existence of algebraic solutions of differential equations of the first order and the first degree over the complex projective plane goes back to Darboux, Poincaré, Painlevé and Autonne. It is very related to the the problem of deciding if a differential equation has a first integral [\textit{C. Galindo, F. Monserrat}, J. Differ. Equations 231, No.~2, 611--632 (2006; Zbl 1106.14021)] and to the so called Poincaré Problem, [\textit{D. Cerveau} and \textit{A. Lins Neto}, Ann. Inst. Fourier 41, No.~4, 883--904 (1991; Zbl 0734.34007), \textit{M. Carnicer}, Ann. Math. (2) 140, 289--294 (1994; Zbl 0821.32026), \textit{A. Campillo, M. Carnicer}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 349, 2211--2228 (1997; Zbl 0873.32030), \textit{A. Lins Neto}, Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 35, No.~2, 231--266 (2002; Zbl 1130.34301)]. This paper is devoted to provide two algorithms that from a 1-form \(a\)d\(x\) + \(b\)d\(y\), where \(a,b \in Q[x,y]\) are polynomials of degree \(n+1 \geq 3\), return one of the following four messages: the foliation is not saturated, the line at infinity is an algebraic solution, there is no algebraic solution, or I do not know. Finally, a discussion about the performance of their implementations in the computer algebra system SINGULAR is also given.