Canonical bases of higher-level \(q\)-deformed Fock spaces. (Q2458255)

From the inmtroduction: We show that the transition matrices between the standard and the canonical bases of infinitely many weight subspaces of the higher-level \(q\)-deformed Fock spaces are equal. The \(q\)-deformed higher-level Fock spaces were introduced in [\textit{M. Jimbo}, \textit{K. C. Misra}, \textit{T. Miwa} and \textit{M. Okado}, Commun. Math. Phys. 136, 543--566 (1991; Zbl 0749.17015)] in order to compute the crystal graph of any irreducible integrable representation of level \(l\geq 1\) of \(U_ q(\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_ n)\). More precisely, the Fock representation \(\mathbf F_ q[s_ l]\) depends on a parameter \(s_ l=(s_ 1,\dots,s_ l)\in\mathbb Z^ l\) called multi-charge. It contains as a submodule the irreducible integrable \(U_ q(\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_ n)\)-module with highest weight \(\Lambda_ {s_ 1}+\dots+\Lambda_ {s_ l}\). The representation \(\mathbf F_ q[s_ l]\) is a generalization of the level-one Fock representation of \(U_ q(\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_ n)\) [\textit{T. Hayashi}, Commun. Math. Phys. 127, 129--144 (1992; Zbl 0701.17008) and \textit{K. C. Misra} and \textit{T. Miwa}, Commun. Math. Phys. 134, 79--88 (1990; Zbl 0724.17010), see also \textit{B. Leclerc} and \textit{J.-Y. Thibon}, Int. Math. Res. Not. 1996, No. 9, 447--456 (1996; Zbl 0863.17013), Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 28, 155--220 (2000; Zbl 1058.20006)]. The canonical bases are bases of the Fock representations that are invariant under a certain involution of \(U_ q (\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_ n)\) and that give at \(q=0\) and \(q=\infty\) the crystal bases. They were constructed for \(l=1\) in [B. Leclerc and J.-Y. Thibon (loc. cit.)] and for \(l\geq 1\) by \textit{D. Uglov} [Prog. Math. 191, 249--299 (2000; Zbl 0963.17012)] where he provided an algorithm for computing these canonical bases. He also gave an expression of the transition matrices between the standard and the canonical bases in terms of Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials for affine Hecke algebras of type \(A\). In this paper we prove three theorems. 1. The first one (Theorem 3.9) is a generalization to \(l\geq 1\) of a result of [\textit{B. Leclerc} and \textit{H. Miyachi}, Represent. Theory 6, 290--312 (2002; Zbl 1030.17014)]. It compares the transition matrices of the canonical bases of some weight subspaces inside a given Fock space \(\mathbf F_ q[s_ l]\). The weights involved are conjugated under the action of the Weyl group of \(U_ q(\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_ n)\). This action leads to bijections \(\sigma_ i\) that can be described in a combinatorial way by adding/removing as many \(i\)-nodes as possible to the \(l\)-multi-partitions indexing the canonical bases. These bijections are generalizations of the Scopes bijections introduced in [\textit{J. Scopes}, J. Algebra 142, No. 2, 441--455 (1991; Zbl 0736.20008)] in order to study, when \(n=p\) is a prime number, the \(p\)-blocks of symmetric groups of a given defect. 2. In a dual manner, our second result (Theorem 4.4) gives some sufficient conditions on multi-charges \(s_ l\) and \(t_ l\) with given residues modulo n that ensure that the transition matrices of the canonical bases of some weight subspaces of \(\mathbf F_ q[s_ l]\) and \(\mathbf F_ q[t_ l]\) coincide. 3. Our third result (Theorem 5.2) is an application of Theorem 4.4 to the case when the multi-charges \(s_ l=(s_ 1,\dots,s_ l)\) and \(t_ l=(t_ 1,\dots,t_ l)\) are dominant, that is \(s_ 1\gg \dots\gg s_ l\) and \(t_ 1\gg\dots\gg t_ l\). It shows that the transition matrices of the canonical bases of the Fock spaces \(\mathbf F_ q[s_ l]\) stabilize when \(s_ l\) becomes dominant (with a given sequence of residues modulo \(n\)). This supports the following conjecture [see the author, J. Algebra 304, No. 1, 419--456 (2006; Zbl 1130.20009)]. We conjecture that if \(s_ l=(s_ 1,\dots,s_ l)\) is dominant, then the transition matrix of the homogeneous component of degree m of the canonical basis of the Fock space \(\mathbf F_ q[t_ l]\) is equal to the decomposition matrix of the cyclotomic \(v\)-Schur algebra \(\mathcal S_ {\mathbb C,m} (\zeta;\zeta^ {s_ 1},\dots,\zeta^ {s_ l})\) of [\textit{R. Dipper, G. James} and \textit{A. Mathas}, Math. Z. 229, No. 3, 385--416 (1998; Zbl 0934.20014)], where \(\zeta\) is a complex primitive \(n\)-th root of unity. This conjecture generalizes both Ariki's theorem for Ariki-Koike algebras [see \textit{S. Ariki}, J. Math. Kyoto Univ. 36, No. 4, 789--808 (1996; Zbl 0888.20011)] and a result of \textit{M. Varagnolo} and \textit{E. Vasserot} [Duke Math. J. 100, No. 2, 267--297 (1999; Zbl 0962.17006)] which relates the canonical basis of the level-one Fock space and the decomposition matrix of \(v\)-Schur algebras with parameter a complex \(n\)-th root of unity.