On the Fefferman--Phong inequality and a Wiener-type algebra of pseudodifferential operators (Q2459930)

The authors extend the Fefferman--Phong inequality to nonnegative symbols whose fourth derivative belongs to a Wiener-type algebra of pseudodifferential operators, which was introduced by \textit{J.\,Sjöstrand} [Math.\ Res.\ Lett.\ 1, No.\,2, 185--192 (1994; Zbl 0840.35130)], and show that, in dimension \(d\), at most \(2d+4+\epsilon\) derivatives are needed to get the classical Fefferman--Phong inequality. The proof relies on some refinements of the Wick calculus closely linked to Gabor wavelets. It is also shown that \(C^{3,1}\) nonnegative functions can be decomposed as a sum of squares of \(C^{1,1}\) functions with sharp estimates. In particular, it is proved that a \(C^{3,1}\) nonnegative function can be written as a finite sum \(\sum b_j^2\), where each \(b_j\) is \(C^{1,1}\) and \(b_j^2\) is \(C^{3,1}\). A key point in the proof is to have some bounds on \((b_j'b_j'')'\) and \((b_j'b_j'')''\).