Microlocal kernel of pseudodifferential operators at a hyperbolic fixed point (Q2461233)

The authors study the microlocal solutions near \((0,0)\) of the equation \((P-z)u=0\), where \(P=\text{{Op}}_h(p(x,\xi,h))\) is a self-adjoint \(h\)-pseudodifferential operator whose principal symbol can be reduced to \(p_0(x,\xi)=\sum_{j=1}^d (\lambda_j/2)(\xi_j^2-x_j^2)+O((x,\xi)^3)\), for some real and positive \(\lambda_j\)'s. The energies \(z\) are supposed to lie at distance \(O(h)\) of the critical value \(p_0(0,0)=0\). It is proved, in the \(d\)-dimensional case, \(d\geq1\), in the analytic and in the \(C^\infty\) category, that the null solution is the only microlocal solution of the above equation defined in a neighborhood of \((0,0)\) which vanishes on the stable incoming manifold \(A_-\). This holds for energies \(z\) in any neighborhood of the critical energy \(0\) of size \(O(h)\) that do not belong to some discrete subset \(\Gamma(h)\). If \(z\in\Gamma(h)\), then purely outgoing solutions exist, that is, solutions which vanish out of \(A_+\). In the analytic case, the discussion is strongly related to the resonances generated by a critical point of the principal symbol of a Schrödigner operator, relying on energy estimates rather than on a reduction to a normal form. In the \(C^\infty\) case, the proof relies on energy estimates. For energies away from \(\Gamma(h)\), the existence of the solution to \((P-z)u=0\) with given Cauchy data on \(A_-\) is proved and is represented by a formula which is used to build a microlocal transition operator which associates the microlocal value of this solution on \(A_+\) to the data on \(A_-\). This operator is completely described and turns out to be an \(h\)-Fourier integral opertor associated with the canonical relation \(A_+\times A_-\). Appendix A summarizes results on the \(h\)-pseudodifferential calculus used in the paper.