Gradient estimate of the heat kernel on modified graphs (Q2461581)

The author obtains a condition on the modification of graphs (in the sense of a finite combinations of an edge modification and a vertex modification) which guarantees the preservation of the Gaussian upper bound for the gradient of the heat kernel, more precisely we have \[ \nabla k_n(x,y)\leq \frac{C}{\sqrt{n}V(x,\sqrt{n})}e^{-cd(x,y)^2/n} \] for all \(x,y\in V\) and \(n\in \mathbb{N}^{\ast}\) where \(V\) is the modified graph, \(V(x,y)\) is the volume of the ball centered at \(x\) with radius \(r\) for the combinatorial distance \(d\), and \(C,c\) are some positive constant.