On a nonlocal perturbation of a periodic eigenvalue problem (Q2461912)

The author considers the eigenvalue problem \[ \begin{aligned} &u''+\lambda u=0, \quad 0<x<1,\\ &u(0)=u(1),\;u'(0)=u'(1)+\int^1_0p(x)u(x)\,dx,\end{aligned}\tag{1} \] where \(p\in L_1(0,1)\) is a complex-valued function. If \(P\) denotes the set of functions \(p\) such that the system of eigenfunctions and associated functions of problem (1) is a Riesz basis in \(L_2(0,1)\) and \(\overline P=L_1(0,1)\backslash P\), then the author shows that the sets \(P\) and \(\overline P\) are everywhere dense in \(L_1(0,1)\).