Set-valued mappings and enlargement of monotone operators. (Q2463938)

The main aim of this book is to give a relatively brief and self-contained review of the basics of set-valued analysis in a Banach space, and to present most significant results related to existence of fixed points of multivalued mappings. As the title indicates, much attention is paid to convex analysis and to analysis of monotone operators. The book also covers recent trends in these fields and applications to iterative solution methods for fixed point problems and variational inequalities in Banach spaces and in finite dimensional spaces. Formally, the material of the book can be divided into two parts. In the first part (Chapters 2--4), the authors summarize classical results from set-valued analysis, convex analysis, and the theory of monotone operators. Chapter 2 is dedicated mostly to continuity properties of point-to-set mappings in Banach spaces. Here, among others, Open map theorem and Closed graph theorem for closed convex processes are presented. Chapter 3 contains the basic core of convex analysis, leading to classical fixed point results for set-valued mappings due to Caristi, Ekeland, Ky Fan, and Kakutani. In Chapter 4, the authors introduce and study in detail the central object of investigation in this book, namely, the class of maximal monotone operators. Among key results of the chapter, the Debrunner-Flor theorem on an extension of a monotone set, the Rockafellar theorem on the convexity of the range of a maximal monotone mapping, and theorems on maximal monotonicity of sums of maximal monotone operators should be mentioned. The material of Chapters 2--4 is supplemented with a large variety of exercises. The exercises vary in difficulty from simple technical examples to theoretical propositions amplifying the main text. These chapters can be used for teaching a one-quarter course in set-valued analysis or convex analysis at the MSc or PhD level. The second part (Chapters 5, 6) contains recent results that have not yet been published in monograph literature. Chapter 5 is devoted to enlargements of maximal monotone operators. The most important and well-known example of such an enlargement is the \(\varepsilon\)-subdifferential of a convex function with respect to the standard subdifferential of this function. It is shown that an enlargement can be defined for an arbitrary maximal monotone operator in such a way that it inherits many of useful properties of the \(\varepsilon\)-subdifferential. The results are applied in particular to the justification of set-valued versions of extragradient method for solving finite dimensional variational inequalities. Finally, Chapter 6 applies the developed theory to the proximal point algorithms in Banach and Hilbert spaces. At the end of each chapter the authors give detailed historical notes and references for further reading. The volume can be read by anyone with a basic knowledge of real and functional analysis.