Simple Shamsuddin derivations of \(K[X;Y_{1},\cdots ,Y_{n}\)]: An algorithmic characterization (Q2464518)

Let \(K\) be a field of characteristic zero, \(d\) a derivation of \(K[X; Y_{1}, \ldots, Y_{n}]\) of the type \(d=\partial_{X}+\sum^{n}_{i=1}(a_{i}{}Y_{i}+b_{i})\partial_{Y}{}_{i}\) with \(a_{i},\) \(b_{i}\in K[X]\) for every \(i\), called a Shamsudddin derivation. The author characterizes the property ``\(d\) is a simple derivation of \(K[X; Y_{1}, \ldots, Y_{n}]\)'' in terms of a certain property of \(d\), a property that one can effectively check for whether it is satisfied or not. Then, applying an algorithm, Lequain exhibits families of Shamsuddin derivations \(d\) that make \(K[X; Y_{1}, \ldots, Y_{n}]\) \(d\)-simple and that are very different from what has been known until now. The author shows that his algorithm can be traduced into one that determines effectively whether the solutions in the power series ring \(K[[t]]\) of the system of algebraic equations \(\{y'_{i}(t)=a_{i}(t+\alpha)y_{i}(t)+b_{i}(t+\alpha)\}^{n}_{i=1},\) \(\alpha\in K,\) are algebraically independent over \(K(t)\) or not. The present paper generalizes the results of \textit{A.~Nowicki} [Polynomial derivations and their rings of constants. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Mikolaja Kopernika, Torun (1994; Zbl 1236.13023)], \textit{S. C. Coutinho} [Proc. Phil. Soc. 125, 405--415 (1999; Zbl 0935.16017)] and \textit{Y. Lequain}, \textit{D. Levcovitz} and \textit{J. C. de Souza Jr} [Glasgow Math. J. 47, 269--285 (2005; Zbl 1087.16015)] for the whole class of Shamsudddin derivations.