Weak\(^{*}\) exactness for dual operator spaces (Q2464878)

The paper is dedicated to the study of a weak* version of the notion of exactness of operator spaces which extends the notion of weak exactness of von Neumann algebras. Let \(V\) be a dual operator space, \(W\) be an operator space and \(B^{\sigma}(V\check{\otimes} W, \mathbb{C})\) be the operator space of all bounded functionals on the operator injective tensor product \(V\check{\otimes} W\) of \(V\) and \(W\) that are weak* continuous with respect to the first variable (which the authors show to be completely isometric to the operator space of all completely integral mappings from \(W\) into the predual \(V_*\) of \(V\)). The canonical embedding of the algebraic tensor product \(V\otimes W^{**}\) into \(B^{\sigma}(V\check{\otimes} W, \mathbb{C})^*\) induces a tensor norm on \(V\otimes W^{**}\); its completion \(V\overset{\sigma,\vee}{\otimes}: W^{**}\) with respect to this norm is a dual version of the right augmented tensor product of \(V\) and \(W^{**}\). The authors show that \(\overset{\sigma,\vee}{\otimes}:\) is injective with respect to \(W\) for some classes of dual operator spaces \(V\); in particular, this happens in the case \(V\) is a von Neumann algebra. They show that if \(M\) is a von Neumann algebra and \(B\) is a unital C*-algebra, then \(M\overset{\sigma,\vee}{\otimes}: B^{**}\) is a unital C*-algebra. A dual operator space \(V\) is said to satisfy weak* condition \(C'\) (or to be weak* exact) if for any operator space \(W\), the operator space \(V\overset{\sigma,\vee}{\otimes}: W^{**}\) is completely isometric to \(V\check{\otimes} W^{**}\). Condition \(C'\) implies weak* condition \(C'\), and a von Neumann algebra satisfies weak* condition \(C'\) if and only if it is weakly exact. The authors prove a dual operator space version of a result of \textit{N.\,Ozawa} [J.~Math.\ Soc.\ Japan 59, No.~4, 985--991 (2007; Zbl 1137.46034)] concerning weakly exact von Neumann algebras: a dual operator space \(V\) satisfies condition \(C'\) if and only if for any operator space \(W\) and any finite rank complete contraction \(\varphi: W^*\rightarrow V\), there exists a net \(\{\varphi_{\alpha}\}_{\alpha}\) of weak* continuous finite rank complete contractions from \(W^*\) into \(V\) which converges to \(\varphi\) pointwise-weak*, if and only if for any finite-dimensional operator subspace \(E\subseteq V\), there exist nets of complete contractions \(\varphi : E\rightarrow M_{n(i)}\) and \(\psi_i : \varphi_i(E)\rightarrow V\) such that the net \(\{\psi_i\circ\varphi_i\}\) converges to the identity map on \(E\) pointwise-weak*. They show that an operator spave \(V\) is exact if and only if \(V\) is locally reflexive and \(V^{**}\) is weak* exact. The last part of the paper is devoted to TRO's. It is shown that a W*-TRO \(V\) is weak* exact if and only if its linking von Neumann algebra is weak* exact, and that a W*-TRO \(V\) is exact if and only if \(V\) is nuclear, if and only if \(V = V_r\oplus_{\infty} V_c\), where \(V_r\) (resp., \(V_c\)) has the form \(\prod_{k=1}^{\infty} (M_{n_k,m_k}\overline{\otimes} L_{\infty}(X_k,\mu_k))\) with \(\sup_{k} n_k < \infty\) (resp., \(\sup_{k} m_k < \infty\)).