Fundamental group schemes for stratified sheaves (Q2466941)

Given a connected noetherian scheme \(X\) over an algebraically closed field \(k\) of characteristic \(p>0\) one can construct the category \(\mathbf{Fdiv}\left( X\right) \) of \(F\)-divided schemes whose objects are objects consist of sequences of coherent \(\mathcal{O}_{X}\)-modules \(\left\{ \mathcal{E} _{i}\right\} _{i\in\mathbb{N}}\) together with isomorphisms \(\sigma _{i}:F^{\ast}\mathcal{E}_{i+1}\rightarrow\mathcal{E}_{i},\) where \(F\) is the (absolute) Frobenius. A morphism \(\left\{ \mathcal{E}_{i},\sigma_{i}\right\} \rightarrow\left\{ \mathcal{F}_{i},\tau_{i}\right\} \) is a collection of \(\mathcal{O}_{X}\)-module maps \(\alpha_{i}:\mathcal{E}_{i}\rightarrow \mathcal{F}_{i}\) such that \(\tau_{i}\circ F^{\ast}\left( \alpha_{i+1}\right) =\alpha_{i}\circ\sigma_{i}.\) Let \(x_{0}\in X\left( k\right) .\) Then \(x_{0}\) gives rise to a fibre functor \(x_{0}^{\ast}:\mathbf{Fdiv}\left( X\right) \rightarrow\)(\(k\)-vect.) on this neutral Tannakian category. The group scheme associated via Tannakian duality to \(\mathbf{Fdiv}\left( X\right) \) with fibre functor \(x_{0}^{\ast}\) is denoted \(\Pi_{X}^{\mathbf{Fdiv}}\left( X,x_{0}\right) ,\) which is often abbreviated \(\Pi_{X}.\) This paper is a study of the group scheme \(\Pi_{X}.\) It is shown that \(\Pi _{X}\) is a perfect scheme and that, in the case where both \(H^{1}\left( X,\mathcal{O}_{X}\right) \) and \(H^{0}\left( X,\mathcal{O}_{X}\right) \) are finite-dimensional, then the unipotent part of \(\Pi_{X},\) that is, the group scheme associated to the category of nilpotent objects of \(\mathbf{Fdiv}\), is pro-finite. In the case where \(X\) is a \(g\)-dimensional abelian variety an isomorphism \[ \Pi_X\rightarrow T_p(X) \times\text{Diag}(\text{Pic}^0(X)\langle p\rangle), \] where \(T_{p}\left( X\right) \) is the \(p\)-adic Tate module and Pic\(^{0}\left( X\right) \) is the Picard scheme. Furthermore, if \(k\) is complete with respect to a non-archimedean absolute value and \(X_{0}^{\text{an}}=X=\mathbb{G} _{m}^{g}/\Lambda,\;\Lambda=\mathbb{Z}^{g}\) we get \(\Pi_{X}\cong\)Diag\(\left( \mathbb{Z}_{p}/\mathbb{Z}\right) ^{g}\times\Lambda^{\text{alg}},\) where \(\Lambda^{\text{alg}}\) is the algebraic hull of \(\Lambda.\)