Refinable functions on the Heisenberg group (Q2467022)

Let \(H^d\) be the Heisenberg group with canonical basis \((e_1,\dots,e_{2d+1})\). Let \(\Gamma\) be its discrete subgroup of integer matrices and let \(\Gamma_0\) be the subset of those \((m,n,l)\) such that \(m\) and \(n\) are \(0,1\) \(d\)uples and \(l\in\{0,1,2,3\}\). Then \(\Gamma/\alpha(\Gamma)\simeq\Gamma_0\), where \(\alpha\) is the dilation by 2 on \(H^d\). Finding the (necessarily unique up to a factor) \textit{refinable function} \(\varphi\) on \(H^d\) solution of the \textit{refinement equation} \(\varphi=\sum_{\gamma\in\Gamma}h(\gamma)\varphi(\gamma^{-1}\alpha(\cdot))\) with \(\sum_{\gamma\in\Gamma}h(\gamma)=2^{2d+2}\) is a main step in multiresolution analysis. The authors consider the case of a finitely supported sequence \((h(\gamma))\): then \(\varphi\) is compactly supported. Suppose that \(u\) is a finitely supported solution of the refinement equation restricted to \(\Gamma\). The main theorem of this article tells that \(u\) extends to a refinable function that is \(\nu\)-Lipschitz for some \(\nu\in\mathopen]0,1]\) if and only if the joint spectral radius of the set of operators \(\{A_\varepsilon\colon v\mapsto\sum_{\gamma\in\Gamma}h(\gamma)v(\gamma^{-1}\alpha(\cdot)\varepsilon): \varepsilon\in\Gamma_0\}\), acting on their minimal invariant subspace generated by the differences \(u-u(\,\cdot\,\,e_j)\), is strictly less than 1. The authors also investigate when the refinable function is ``generalised Lipschitz'' in the sense that its left invariant modulus of continuity is of power type.