Existence of global solutions of some ordinary differential equations (Q2467810)

The author studies the existence of globally defined solutions of the first-order differential equation \[ x'(t)= f(t,x(t)),\quad (t,x)\in \mathbb{R}^2,\tag{1} \] which satisfies some local existence and uniqueness theorem near every point of the \((t,x)\)-plane, using the funnel method. Consider the interval \((a,b)\), \(-\infty\leq a< b\leq+\infty\), and the set \[ A= \{(t,x); a< t< b,\ell(t)< x< u(t)\}, \] where \(\ell\) and \(u\) are real functions defined on \((a,b)\). The set \(A\) is called a funnel for equation (1) on the interval \((a,b)\) if \[ (\forall t\in (a,b))(\ell'(t)< f(t, \ell(t))\wedge u'(t)> f(t, u(t)). \] The set \(A\) is called an antifunnel for equation (1) on the interval \((a,b)\) if \[ (\forall t\in (a,b))(\ell'(t)> f(t, \ell(t))\wedge u'(t)< f(t, u(t)). \] If there exists a function \(h_{a,b}\) defined for \(|x|> X_{ab}> 0\) such that \[ \begin{gathered} (\forall t\in [a, b])(\forall x> X_{ab})(f(t, x)> h_{a,b}(x)> 0),\\ (\forall t\in [a,b])(\forall x< -X_{ab})(f(t, x)< h_{a,b}(x)< 0)\end{gathered}\tag{2} \] and \[ \int^{+\infty}_{-\infty} h^{-1}_{a,b}(x)\,dx<+\infty,\quad \int^{+\infty}_{-\infty} |h^{-1}_{a,b}|\,dx< +\infty,\tag{3} \] the author proves that the equation (1) has a global solution \(x\) defined on \((-\infty,+\infty)\). Moreover, if \(\ell\in C^1(-\infty,+\infty)\), equation (1) satisfies a local existence and uniqueness theorem in \(\{(t,x); x\geq \ell(t)\}\), \(t\in (-\infty,+\infty)\), \((\forall t\in (-\infty,+\infty))(\ell'(t)> f(t, \ell(t))),\) the hypothesis (2) is satisfied and the first inequality of (3) is satisfied, then the equation (1) has a global solution \(x\) such that \((\forall t\in (-\infty,+\infty))(x(t)> 1(t)).\) The author generalizes the funnel method to some equations of higher-order.