A method to integrate filiform Lie algebras (Q2469332)

An elementary proof of Lie's third theorem may be found in [\textit{G. M. Tuynman}, An elementary proof of Lie's third theorem. Publications de l'U.E.R. Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées, I.R.M.A. Univ. Lille, 1, Vol. 34, X1--X4 (1994)]. It is given by using the correspondence between Lie subalgebras and Lie subgroups and the fact that, for a simply connected Lie group \(G\), one has \(H^2(G)=0\). This proof generalizes the method to integrate nilpotent Lie algebras in a recursive way studied by A.~Gray in [\textit{L. A. Cordero, M. Fernandez} and \textit{A. Gray}, The fibred structure of a compact nilmanifold. (Spanish). Recent topics in differential geometry, Proc. Workshop/Puerto de la Cruz/Spain 1990, Ser. Inf. 32, 43--64 (1991; Zbl 0733.53026)]. The present article improves the mentioned Tuynman's work for a particular case, in fact a far-reaching one: the special case of nilpotent Lie algebras called filiform (or maximal class). The main goal of the article is an explicit construction of a simply connected Lie group whose Lie algebra falls into a given filiform Lie algebra. By using the group of automorphisms of filiform Lie algebras of a finite dimension \(n\), in particular the unipotent automorphisms, the authors find a kind of basis with respect to which these automorphisms can be represented by triangular matrices. The dimension of the associated algebra is at most \(2n-3\). The article also contains a list of filiform Lie algebras of dimension \(n\), with \(3\leq n\leq 7\), whose derived Lie algebra is abelian and the simply connected associated Lie group.