Galois-Azumaya extensions and the Brauer-Galois group of a commutative ring. (Q2469416)

Let \(R\) be a commutative ring with 1, and \(\psi\colon R\to S\) a Galois extension with a finite group \(G\). Then \(\psi\) is called a \(G\)-Galois-Azumaya extension if \(\psi(R)\) is the center of \(S\). Examples and basic properties of \(\psi\) are given. Theorem 1. Let \(\psi\) be a Galois extension such that \(\psi(R)\) is contained in the center of \(S\), and \(\{x_i,y_i\in S\mid i=1,2,\dots,m\) for some integer \(m\}\) a \(G\)-Galois system for \(\psi\). Then the Galois element \(\eta\) (\(=\sum x_i\otimes y_i\)), \(X_{12}=\sum x_i\otimes y_i\otimes 1\), \(X_{23}=\sum 1\otimes x_i\otimes y_i\), \(X_{13}=\sum x_i\otimes 1\otimes y_i\) satisfy the equations: \(\sum x_i\tau(y_is)=\sum\tau(sx_i)y_i=s\) for all \(s\in S\) where \(\tau=\sum_{g\in G}g\) (hence \(\{(x_i,y_i),\tau\}\) is a Frobenius system for \(S\)), the Frobenius-separability equations: \(X_{12}X_{23}=X_{23}X_{13}=X_{13}X_{12}\) and the Yang-Baxter equation: \(X_{12}X_{23}X_{12}=X_{23}X_{12}X_{23}\). Theorem 2. For a \(G\)-Galois-Azumaya extension \(\psi\colon R\to S\), \(\eta\) is invertible in \(S\otimes_RS\), hence \(\eta\) defines a representation of the E. Artin braid group \(B_n\) by \(\zeta_\psi^n\colon B_n\to\Aut(S^{\otimes R^n})\) of \(n\) strings for \(n\geq 2\) [\textit{C. Kassel}, Quantum groups. Graduate Texts Math. 155, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York (1995; Zbl 0808.17003)]. Next, let \(\text{Gal}_R\) be the category of Galois extensions of \(R\) and \(\text{Br}_{\text{Gal}}(R)\) the subgroup of the Brauer group \(B(R)\) of \(R\) where \(\text{Br}_{\text{Gal}}(R)=\{\xi\in\text{Br}(R)\mid\xi=[S]\) for some \(G\)-Galois-Azumaya extension \(S\) of \(R\}\). For \(n\geq 2\) and a field \(F\) of \(\text{Char}(F)\neq 2\), the \(n\)-torsion \(_n\text{Br}_{\text{Gal}}(F)\) of \(\text{Br}_{\text{Gal}}(R)\) and \(\text{Br}_{\text{Gal}}(R)\) are computed by using some results of \textit{A. S. Merkur'ev, A. A. Suslin} [Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 46, No. 5, 1011-1046 (1982; Zbl 0525.18008)]. Theorem 3. Suppose that the multiplicative group \(F^*\) of \(F\) has an element \(\zeta\) of order \(n\) and that \(\text{Char}(F)=0\) or does not divide \(n\). Then the Steinberg symbol \(F^*\otimes_Z F^*\to\text{Br}(F)\) factorizes through \(\text{Br}_{\text{Gal}}(F)\), hence \(_n\text{Br}_{\text{Gal}}(F)={_n\text{Br}}(F)\). In particular, if \(\text{Char}(F)\neq 2\), then \(_2\text{Br}_{\text{Gal}}(F)={_2\text{Br}}(F)=\text{Quat}(F)\).