Energy-momentum tensor on foliations (Q2469961)

Let \((M,g_M)\) be a compact Riemannian spin manifold with the scalar curvature denoted by \(\text{Scal}_M\) and the Dirac operator \(D_M\). In the paper under review, one obtains the estimate \[ \lambda^2\geq\inf_M(\text{Scal}_M/4+ | T^\Psi|^2+| Q^\Psi|^2) \] for the first eigenvalue~\(\lambda\) of \(D_M\), where \(\Psi\) is a spinor satisfying \(D_M^2\Psi=\lambda^2\Psi\), while \(T^\Psi\) is the skew-symmetric energy-momentum 2-tensor field and \(Q^\Psi\) is a certain symmetric 2-tensor field. The situation when equality holds is characterized by the equation \(\nabla_X^M\Psi=-E(X)\cdot\Psi\) satisfied for all \(X\in\Gamma(TM)\), where \(E\) is an endomorphism of \(TM\). Geometric interpretations for the tensor fields involved in the above estimate are obtained in the case when \(M\) is foliated by hypersurfaces and in the case of a Riemannian flow such that the normal bundle carries a parallel spinor. The latter situation is then characterized by the existence of a solution to the Dirac equation if \(\dim M=3\). One finally describes some specific examples of 3-dimensional manifolds with negative scalar curvature for which the equality holds in the above estimate.