Nonlinear structure of some classical quasi-Banach spaces and \(F\)-spaces (Q2470521)

The author considers the Lipschitz structure of quasi-Banach spaces and \(F\)-spaces. A quasi-norm \(\| \cdot \| \) in a quasi-Banach space \(X\) is similar to an ordinary norm, but instead of the triangle inequality \(\| \cdot \| \) has the property: there is a constant \(k\geq 1\) so that for all \(x,y\in X\), \[ \| x+y\| \leq k(\| x\| +\| y\| ). \] The main examples are the spaces \({L_p(\mu)}\), \(l_p\), \(0<p<1\). An \(F\)-space is a complete metric linear space. The uniform structure of an \(F\)-space \(X\) can be given by an \(F\)-norm. An \(F\)-norm is similar to an ordinary norm, but instead of the property \({\|\alpha x\|=|\alpha|\| x\|}\), \[ \|\alpha x\|\leq|\alpha|\| x\|\text{ whenever }|\alpha|\leq 1\text{ and }x\in X. \] The main examples of these spaces are the functional spaces \({(L_p(\mu),d_p)}\), \({d_p(f,g)=\int| f-q| ^p\, d\mu}\), \(0<p<1\), and corresponding sequence spaces \({(l_p,d_p)}\), \(0<p<1\). A lot of results about Lipschitz embedding of these spaces is obtained in the paper. We list here some typical statements. Suppose that \(0<p<q\leq 1\). (i) The quasi-Banach space \(l_p\) (respectively, \(L_p\)) does not Lipschitz embed into the quasi-Banach space \(l_q\) (respectively, \(L_q\)). (ii) Any Lipschitz function from \({(L_p,\| \cdot\| _p)}\) to \({(L_q,\| \cdot\| _q)}\) is constant. A nonnormable quasi-Banach space does not Lipschitz embed in a Banach space. Suppose that \(0<p<q\leq 1\). Any Lipschitz function from \((l_q,d_q)\) to \((l_p,d_p)\) is constant. In particular, the metric space \((l_q,d_q)\) does not Lipschitz embed in \((l_p,d_p)\). The author considers the \(F\)-space \(L_0\) of of Lebesgue-measurable functions on \({[0,1]}\), with the usual convention of identifying functions equal almost everywhere, equipped with the \(F\)-norm \[ \| f\| _0=\int\frac{| f(t)| }{1+| f(t)| }\,dt. \] It is shown in the paper that \(L_0\) is not uniformly homeomorphic to any locally bounded topological vector space. A generalization to a certain class of \(F\)-spaces of a theorem by \textit{S.\,Heinrich} and \textit{P.\,Mankiewicz} [Stud.\ Math.\ 73, 225--251 (1982; Zbl 0506.46008)] is established and it is shown that the spaces \(L_p\) and \(L_q\) \({(0<p< q\leq 1)}\) are uniformly homeomorphic if and only if they are Lipschitz isomorphic. The author gives a long list of open questions.