Finite-time blow-down in the evolution of point masses by planar logarithmic diffusion (Q2470990)

The author considers the following Cauchy problem \[ u_t=\Delta\log(u)\quad\text{in }\mathbb R^1_+\times\mathbb R^2, \] \[ u(0,x)=f(x)+\sum^n_{i=1}M_i\,\delta(x-x_i),\quad f\geqslant 0,\,f\in L^1(\mathbb R^2), \] where the \(x_i\), \(i=1,\dots,n\), form a finite collection of different points in \(\mathbb R^2\), \(0<M_n\leqslant M_{n-1}\leqslant \dots\leqslant M_1\), and total mass of initial distribution is \[ M=M_0+\sum^n_{i=1}M_i\quad\text{with}\quad M_0=\int_{\mathbb R^2}f(x)\,dx. \] The main result is the following: In time interval \(0<t<T:=\frac{M}{2\pi}\) there exists a generalized (in some sense) solution \(u(t,x)\), which is continuous into the space of Radon measures and has two components, singular and regular: \(u=u_{\text{reg}}+u_{\text{sing}}\). The singular part amounts to a collection of (shrinking in time) point masses concentrated on the points \(x=x_i\), with precise form \[ u_{\text{sing}}=\sum^n_{i=1}(M_i-4\pi t)_+\delta(x-x_i). \] Additionally the following properties take place: {\parindent=5mm \begin{itemize}\item[1)] When restricted to the perforated domain \(\Omega_*\times(0,T), \, \Omega_*:=\mathbb R^2\setminus\bigcup_i\{x_i\}\), \(u\) is a smooth solution of equation, it takes the initial data \(f(x)\) for a.\,e. \(x\neq x_i\), and it vanishes identically at \(t=T\). \item[2)] At every time \(t\in(0,T)\) the total mass of the \(u_{reg}\) is the result of adding to \(M_0\) the inflow coming from the point masses and substracting the outflow at infinity. \item[3)] Before each point mass disappears, the solution \(u\) has a singular behaviour near the mass location as in radial case, while later on the solution is regular around that point. \end{itemize}}