Galois groups of polynomials arising from circulant matrices (Q2472412)

The main goal of the present paper is to provide new explicit realizations of some cyclic and metacyclic groups as Galois groups over \(\mathbb{Q}\), the field of rational numbers. More precisely, the authors obtain a family of monic polynomials \(f_{p,m}(X)\in \mathbb{Z}[X]\), one for each integer \(m\geq 1\) and each prime number \(p\geq 5\), with the following properties: 1) \(f_{p,m}(X)\) has degree \(p\) and its roots are all real; 2) for \(m=1\), \(f_{p,1}(-1)=0\) and the Galois group of \(f_{p,1}(X)\) over \(\mathbb{Q}\) is cyclic of order \(p-1\); 3) for \(m>1\), the Galois group of \(f_{p,m}(X)\) over \(\mathbb{Q}\) has order \(p(p-1)\) and it is generated by a cycle of length \(p\) and a cycle of length \(p-1\). The polynomials \(f_{p,m}(X)\) are defined as determinants of certain circulant matrices and they are related to Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind.