Hopf bifurcation analysis in a tri-neuron network with time delay (Q2472795)

The paper studies the following three coupled delay differential equations (tri-neuron network) \[ \begin{aligned} \dot{x}_{1}(t) & = \mu x_{1}(t) +f_{11}(x_{1}(t-\tau)) +f_{12}(x_{2}(t-\tau)) +f_{13}(x_{3}(t-\tau)),\\ \dot{x}_{2}(t) & = \mu x_{2}(t) +f_{21}(x_{1}(t-\tau)) +f_{22}(x_{2}(t-\tau)) +f_{23}(x_{3}(t-\tau)),\\ \dot{x}_{3}(t) & = \mu x_{3}(t) +f_{31}(x_{1}(t-\tau)) +f_{32}(x_{2}(t-\tau)) +f_{33}(x_{3}(t-\tau)),\end{aligned} \] where \(\tau>0\). Considering delay \(\tau\) as a parameter, the paper investigates existence and direction of Hopf bifurcations as well as stability of bifurcating periodic solutions. The group of conditions is given for the system to have multiple periodic solutions when the delay becomes sufficiently large.