On bordisms of real algebraic \(M\)-varieties (Q2473752)

A real algebraic \(M\)-variety \((X, \tau)\) is an \(n\)-dimensional complex analytic variety endowed with an anti-holomorphic involution \(\tau \colon X \to X\) such that the Harnack-Thom inequality \[ \dim \bigoplus_q H_q(X^{\tau};\mathbb F_2) \leq \dim \bigoplus _q H_q(X;\mathbb F_2) \] is in fact an equality. \((X, \tau)\) is called a \(GM\)-variety if the Borel-Swan inequality \[ \dim \bigoplus _q H_q(X^{\tau};\mathbb F_2) \leq \dim H^1(\mathbb Z/2, H_*(X;\mathbb F_2)) \] is an equality. A mapping \(F \colon (Y, \theta) \to (X, \tau)\) between two real algebraic varieties is real holomorphic if \(F\) is holomorphic and compatible with the anti-holomorphic involved structures. Denote the set of fixed points \(X^{\tau}\) by \(X_{\mathbb R}\) and \(F_{\mathbb R}=F|_{Y_{\mathbb R}} \colon Y_{\mathbb R} \to X_{\mathbb R}\). In [\textit{V.~A.~Krasnov}, Math.~USSR, Izv.~39, No. 1, 703--730 (1992; Zbl 0783.14037); translation from Izv.~Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser.~Mat.~55, No. 4, 716--746 (1991) and Russ.~Acad.~Sci., Izv., Math.~43, No. 1, 141--160 (1994; Zbl 0838.14044); translation from Izv.~Ross.~Akad.~Nauk, Ser.~Mat.~57, No. 4, 153--173 (1993)], the following results were proved by the author: if \((X, \tau)\) is an \(M\)-variety, \(F_*[Y_{\mathbb R}]\) is zero in \(H_m(X_{\mathbb R};\mathbb F_2)\), then so is \(F_*[Y] \in H_{2m}(X;\mathbb F_2)\); if \((X, \tau)\) is a \(GM\)-variety, \(F_*[Y_{\mathbb R}]\) is zero in \(H_m(X_{\mathbb R};\mathbb F_2)\), then \(F_*[Y] \in (1+\tau_*)H_{2m}(X;\mathbb F_2)\). In this paper the author proves similar results in nonoriented bordism groups: if \((X, \tau)\) is an \(M\)-variety, \([F_{\mathbb R}]\) is zero in \(MO_m(X_{\mathbb R})\), then so is \([F] \in MO_{2m}(X)\); if \((X, \tau)\) is a \(GM\)-variety, \([F_{\mathbb R}]\) is zero in \(MO_m(X_{\mathbb R})\), then \([F] \in (1+\tau_*)MO_{2m}(X)\). To prove the results, the author defines an auxiliary equivariant cobordism class \([F]^*_G \in MO_G^{2n-2m}(X)\) and establishes a relationship \[ \alpha([F]^*_G)=[F]^* \;\;\;\;\;\;\beta([F]^*_G)=Sq([F_{\mathbb R}]^*), \] where \([F]^*\in MO^{2n-2m}(X)\) and \([F_{\mathbb R}]^* \in MO^{n-m}(X_{\mathbb R})\) are Poincaré duals of \([F]\) and \([F_{\mathbb R}]\), \(\alpha \colon MO^q_G(X) \to MO^q(X)\) and \(\beta \colon MO^q_G(X) \to MO^q_G(X_{\mathbb R})\) are canonical homomorphisms and \(Sq\) is the total Steenrod square. Then the Leray spectral sequences and the Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence converging to \(MO^q_G(X)\) are applied to prove the results.