Dynamical analysis of a delayed ratio-dependent prey-predator model within fluctuating environment (Q2474909)

The main objective of the paper is to study the effect of fluctuating environment on a ratio-dependent prey-predator model. The authors consider the two-dimensional stochastic differential equation with delay \[ \begin{align*}{ {dN_1\over dt} &=(r_1+\zeta_1(t))N_1-k_1N_1^2-{\beta N_1 P_1\over P_1+\beta N_1},\cr {dP_1\over dt} &=P_1\Big[{\beta N_1(t-\tau) \over P_1(t-\tau)+\beta N_1(t-\tau)}+(-\gamma+\zeta_2(t))\Big],}\end{align*} \] where \(\zeta_1\) and \(\zeta_2\) are independent white noises. The deterministic cases without (\(\tau=0\)) and with delay (\(\tau>0\)) are first studied, providing stability and Hopf-bifurcation analysis. Then an analysis of the corresponding linearized stochastic models around the equilibrium points of deterministic systems is provided, and numerical simulations are reported.