Hypoellipticity for a class of kinetic equations (Q2474983)

The authors consider the following linearized version of Boltzmann equation without angular cutoff: \[ Pu= \partial_t+ x\nabla_y u+ \sigma(-\widetilde\Delta_x)^\lambda u= f, \] where \((x,y)\in \mathbb{R}^{2n}\) and \(\sigma> 0\). Here \((-\widetilde\Delta_x)^\lambda\) is a Fourier multiplier with symbol \(|\eta|^{2\lambda}\) if \(|\eta|\geq 2\), and \(=|\eta|^2\) if \(|\eta|\leq 1\). Attention is fixed on the case \(0< \lambda< 1\). The nonlinear equation \(Pu= F(u)\) is also considered, with \(F\in C^\infty(\mathbb{R})\), \(F(0)= 0\). The authors prove precise results of hypoellipticity; theorems of existence and uniqueness for the related Cauchy problem are also given.