Bases, filtrations and module decompositions of free Lie algebras (Q2475116)

Let \(X\) be a countable set of cardinality at least \(2\), and let \(L = L(X)\) be the free Lie algebra on \(X\) over a commutative ring \(K\) with \(1\). Recall that known Elimination Theorem reads as follows: if \(X = Y \cup Z\) is the disjoint union of its proper subsets \(Y\) and \(Z\), then \(L(X) = L(Y \cup Z) = L(Y)\oplus L(Z \wr Y)\) where \(Z\wr Y = \{[z,y_i,...,y_k]; z\in Z,\, y_i \in Y,\, k\geq 0\}\). The set \(Z\wr Y\) is called the wreath set of \(Y\) and \(Z\). The aim of the paper is to apply this theorem repeatedly, namely, first to \(L(X)\), then to \(L(Z \wr Y)\), then to the free Lie algebra on the wreath set resulting from the previous elimination, and so on, to obtain decompositions of \(L(X)\) over \(K\). The author devises some new bases of the free Lie algebra which (like classical Hall bases) consist of Lie products of left normed basic Lie monomials. This bases yield direct decompositions of the homogeneous components of the free Lie algebra with direct summands that are particularly easy to describe: they are tensor products of metabelian Lie powers. They also give rise to new filtrations and decompositions of free Lie algebras as modules for groups of graded algebra automorphisms. In particular, some new decompositions for free Lie algebras and free restricted Lie algebras over fields of positive characteristic are obtained.