An analogue to a theorem of Fefferman and Phong for averaging operators along curves with singular fractional integral kernel (Q2475585)

If \(\gamma= \{\gamma(x, t),x\in\mathbb{R}^n, t\in\mathbb{R}\}\) is a smooth function defined in the neighbourhood of the origin in \(\mathbb{R}^n\times\mathbb{R}\) and satisfying the conditions \(\gamma(x,0)= x\); \((\partial\gamma/\partial t)(x,t)\neq 0\), then an operator \(T\) is defined in terms of kernel \(k\) by \(T(f)(x)= \int_{\mathbb{R}} f(\gamma(x, t)) k(t)\,dt\), \(x\in\mathbb{R}^n\). In the main theorem of this paper, the author indicates that: there is a neighbourhood \(V\) of the origin of \(\mathbb{R}^n\), a neighbourhood \(W\) of the origin of \(\mathbb{R}\), a number \(\delta_0> 0\), and a constant \(C\) such that if \(\text{support}(f)\subseteq V\), \(\text{support}(k)\subseteq W\) and \(\delta<\delta_0\), then \(\| T(f)\|_{2,\delta/k}< C\| f\|_2\), where \(\|.\|_2\) is the norm in \(L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)\) and \(\|.\|_{2,\delta/k}\) is assumed to be a weighted norm on \(L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)\). In addition, if for some number \(\varepsilon> 0\), \(k(t)> c|t|^{-1+\delta}\) for \(|t|<\varepsilon\), then there is no neighbourhood \(V\) for which \(\| T(f)\|_{2,\varepsilon}< C\| f\|_2\), where \(\varepsilon>\delta/k\). Statements of the introduction of the paper indicate connections with subelliptic partial differential operator \(L\) for which there is a representation of the form \(L(u)= f\), \(u= \int G(x,y)f(y)\,dy\) with estimates of the form \(\| u\|_{2, \varepsilon}< C(\| u\|_2+\| L(u)\|_2)\), by \textit{C. Feffermann} and \textit{D. H. Phong} [Conference on Harmonic Analysis in Honor of Antoni Zygmund, (Chicago, 1981), Wadsworth Math. Series, Wadsworth, Belmont, CA (1983), 590-606 (1983; Zbl 0503.35071)].