Perturbative renormalization analysis of the Poincaré-Birkhoff resonance in 2-D symplectic map (Q2477293)

The authors consider the following map that arises from a symplectic radial twist map near an elliptic fixed point: \[ x_{n+1}- 2\cos\omega x_n+ x_{n-1}= a_2 x^2_n+ a_3 x^3_n+\cdots, \] when \(a_m= 0\) for \(m> 2\), this is the Hénon map; if only \(a_3\) is nonzero, this is a double-well type mapping. In this paper, the authors investigate the mapping in a more general setting. Using a perturbation analysis based on a renormalization method, the authors show that the period-four torus near the elliptic fixed point undergoes two bifurcations. The first is the usual Poincaré-Birkhoff bifurcation and the second is an exchange-type bifurcation. These bifurcations are accompanied by global ballooning of the resonant islands. The renormalization method described here is a discrete version of the perturbative renormalization group method for flow systems previously described by Goto et al.