Limit cycles bifurcating from a \(k\)-dimensional isochronous center contained in \(\mathbb R^n\) with \(k\leqslant n\) (Q2479855)

In the first part, the authors consider the differential equation \[ {d^4 x\over dt^4}- x- \varepsilon\sin(x+ t)= 0,\tag{\(*\)} \] which has for \(\varepsilon= 0\) a two-dimensional isochronous center. By means of the averaging theory they prove: Theorem 1. For \(|\varepsilon|\neq 0\) sufficiently small, equation \((*)\) has an arbitrary number of \(2\pi\)-periodic solutions bifurcating from the continuum of periodic orbits of equation \((*)\) for \(\varepsilon= 0\). In the second part, the authors deal with the homogeneous polynomial system \[ {dx\over dt}=- y(3x^2+ y^2),\qquad {dy\over dt}= x(x^2- y^2)\tag{\(**\)} \] having the nonrational first integral \[ H(x,y)= (x^2+ y^2)\exp\Biggl(-{2x^2\over x^2+ y^2}\Biggr), \] that is, the origin is a global center of \((**)\). They prove: Theorem 2. Let \(P(x,y)\) and \(Q(x,y)\) be polynomials of degree at most \(m\). Then, for convenient polynomials \(P\) and \(Q\), the perturbed system \[ {dx\over dt}= -y(3x^2+ y^2)+\varepsilon P(x,y), \] \[ {dy\over dt}= -x(x^2- y^2)+\varepsilon Q(x,y) \] has \([(m-1)/2]\) limit cycles bifurcating from the periodic orbits of the global center of \((**)\), where \([.]\) denotes the integer part function.