Asymptotic solutions for large time of Hamilton-Jacobi equations in Euclidean \(n\) space (Q2480278)

A classical question in Hamilton-Jacobi theory deals with the long-time asymptotics of the solutions \(u(x,t)\) of \[ u_t+H(x,\nabla u)=0.\tag{1} \] General convergence results, such as [\textit{G. Namah, J.-M. Roquejoffre}, Commun. Partial Differ. Equations 24, No. 5--6, 883--893 (1999; Zbl 0924.35028), \textit{A. Fathi}, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I, Math. 327, No. 3, 267--270 (1998; Zbl 1052.37514)], are available when the PDE is set in a compact manifold. This paper deals with the case in which \(x\in{\mathbb{R}}^n\), under suitable convexity assumptions. It is also assumed that there exist Lipschitz functions \(\phi_0(x)\geq\phi_1(x)\) and continuous functions \(\sigma_0(x)\) and \(\sigma_1(x)\) in such a way that \(H(x,\nabla\phi_i)\leq-\sigma_i\) a.e., \[ \lim_{|x|\rightarrow+\infty}\sigma_i=+\infty \quad\text{and} \quad \lim_{|x|\rightarrow+\infty}\phi_0-\phi_1=+\infty, \] for \(i=0,1\). The author considers the set \(\Phi_0=\{ w\in C({\mathbb{R}}^n) {\text{s.t.}} \inf w-\phi_0>-\infty \}\) and he proves that there is a unique viscosity solution \(u\in C({\mathbb{R}}^n\times [0,+\infty))\) of ( {1}), with initial datum in \(\Phi_0\) satisfying, for any \(T>0\), \[ \inf_{{\mathbb{R}}^n\times[0,T]} u-\phi_0 > -\infty.\tag{B} \] Furthermore, such \(u\) may be represented as infimum of Lagrangian actions over absolutely continuous curves. Then, the critical value problem \[ H(x,\nabla v)=c\tag{2} \] is taken into account. For this, the author proves the existence of a solution \((c,v)\in{\mathbb{R}}\times\Phi_0\) for ({2}) and the uniqueness of such \(c\). Also, if \(u\) satisfies ({1}) and ({B}), then there exists \(v_0\in\Phi_0\) which solves ({2}) for some \(c\) such that \(u(x,t)+ct\) approaches \(v_0(x)\) locally uniformly as \(t\rightarrow+\infty\). The proofs also use a dynamical approach by \textit{A. Davini} and \textit{A. Siconolfi} [SIAM J. Math. Anal. 38, No. 2, 478--502 (2006; Zbl 1109.49034)].