Opial type inequalities for cosine and sine operator functions (Q2480770)

The author presents various Opial type inequalities for cosine and sine operator functions. Namely, for the operator cosine function \(C(t)\) with its infinitesimal generator \(A\) on a Banach space \(X\), the following inequalities hold: \[ \begin{multlined}\int_0^t\| T_n(s)f\| \| C(s)A^nf\| \,ds\\ \leq\frac{t^{2n-1+2/p}}{2^{1/q}(2n-1)![(p(2n-1)+1)(p(2n-1)+2)]^{1/p}}\times \biggl(\int_0^t\| C(s)A^nf\| ^q\,ds \biggr)^{2/q};\end{multlined}\tag{1} \] \[ \int_0^t\| M_n(s)f\| \| C(s)A^nf\| \,ds\leq \frac{t^{2(n+1/p)}}{2(2n)![(2pn+1)(pn+1)]^{1/p}} \biggl(\int_0^t\| C(s)A^nf\| ^q\,ds \biggr)^{2/q}, \tag{2} \] where \(t>0\), \(p, q >1\), \(1/p+1/q =1\), \(n \in \mathbb N\), \[ T_n(t)f= \int_0^t\frac{(t-s)^{2n-1}}{(2n-1)!}C(s)A^nf\,ds, \] and \[ M_n(t)f= \int_0^t\frac{(t-s)^{2n}}{(2n)!}C(s)A^nf\,ds. \] Corresponding inequalities when \(p=1\) and \(q=\infty\) are also given. As applications, the author gives different inequalities in the Banach space \(X\) of odd, \(2\pi\)-periodic real functions with the sup-norm, where the infinitesimal generator \(A= \frac{d^2}{dx^2}\) generates the cosine finction \(C(t)f(x)=\frac{1}{2}[\int_0^tf(x+s)\,ds+\int_0^tf(x-s)\,ds ]\).