One-point extensions of Markov processes by darning (Q2480823)

The paper is a continuation of the works by \textit{M. Fukushima} and \textit{H. Tanaka} [Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré, Probab. Stat. 41, No. 3, 419--459 (2005; Zbl 1083.60065)] and \textit{Z.-Q. Chen, M. Fukushima} and \textit{J. Ying} [Abel Symposia 2, 153--196 (2007; Zbl 1138.60050)] on the study of one-point extendability of a pair of standard Markov processes in weak duality. In this paper, general conditions to ensure such an extension are given. In the symmetric case, characterizations of the one-point extensions are given in terms of their Dirichlet forms and in terms of their \(L^2\)-infinitesimal generators. In particular, a generalized notion of flux is introduced and is used to characterize functions in the domain of the \(L^2\)-infinitesimal generator of the extended process. An important role in the investigation is played by the \(\alpha\)-order approaching probability \(u_{\alpha}\).