Arithmetical investigations. Representation theory, orthogonal polynomials, and quantum interpolations (Q2482910)

This book, which grew out of lectures given by the author at Kyushu University, was intended as a primer to the earlier book [\textit{S. Haran}, The mysteries of real prime. Oxford: Clarendon Press (2001; Zbl 1014.11001)]. However, many new themes are included. In contrast to the usual line of research in number theory and non-archimedean analysis, the author looks at real counterparts of natural \(p\)-adic constructions, and then introduces \(q\)-structures interpolating between them. The starting point is the relation between \(p\)-adic analysis and analysis on trees. The sets \(\mathbb P^1(\mathbb Q_p)\), \(\mathbb Z_p\), and \(\mathbb P^1(\mathbb Q_p)/\mathbb Z_p^{*}\) are interpreted as boundaries of trees. There is a bijection between Markov chains on a tree and probability measures on its boundary. Considering natural measures on the above sets, the author gets the corresponding Markov chains, and then looks for their real counterparts. Here the state space is just \(\mathbb N\times \mathbb N\). However, the author finds a number of analogies with the \(p\)-adic case, and defines a \(q\)-interpolation. Both for the trees and ``non-trees'' corresponding to the reals and \(q\)-structures, ladder systems are introduced. The harmonic analysis on the above objects leads to analogs of classical orthogonal polynomials. Developing his approach for higher dimensions, the author considers unitary representations of \(\text{GL}_d(\mathbb Z_p)\) connected with the \(p\)-adic Grassmann manifolds. In its turn, the \(p\)-adic real analogy (with \(q\)-interpolations) brings into consideration real Grassmann manifolds and \(q\)-Grassmann manifolds, \(q\)-Selberg measures, and the quantum group \(U_q(\text{su} (1,1))\). A number of problems is formulated. A preprint version of this book has been reviewed: \textit{M. J. S. Haran}, Arithmetical investigations. Representation theory, orthogonal polynomials and quantum interpolations. With notes by Yoshinori Yamasaki. COE Lecture Note 2. Fukuoka: Kyushu University, The 21st Century COE Program ``DMHF'' (2006; Zbl 1120.11001).