An affine eigenvalue problem on the nonnegative orthant (Q2484387)

The following conditional eigenvalue problem is considered. For a given nonnegative \(n\)-by-\(n\) matrix \(A\), a given nonzero nonnegative \(n\)-vector \(b\) and a monotone norm \(| | .| | \) find a pair \((\lambda,x)\) such that \(| | x| | =1\) and \(\lambda x= Ax+b\). The main result (Theorem 6) states that this problem has a unique solution \((\lambda,x)\) if the spectral radius \(\rho(A+bc^T)\) of \(A+bc^T\) satisfies \(\rho(A+bc^T) > \rho(A)\). The vector \(c\) is the solution of an optimization problem, namely \(\rho(A+bc^T) =\max(\rho(A+bd^T): | | d| | _D =1)\). In this case the solution \((\lambda,x)\) is the Perron root and Perron vector of \(A+bc^T\). Also graph-theoretic conditions for this sufficient condition to hold are given. It is also shown that for \(\| .\| _1\) we have \(c^T=(1,\dots,1)\).