Fluctuations in the weakly asymmetric exclusion process with open boundary conditions (Q2487784)

The authors study the fluctuations of the stationary distribution of the one-dimensional weakly asymmetric exclusion process with two open boundaries, which physically describes the stochastic evolution of particle distribution on one-dimensional lattice of \(L\) sites under weakly-directed external field [cf. \textit{B. Derrida}, \textit{C. Enaud}, and \textit{J. L. Lebowitz} J. Stat. Phys. 115, No. 1--2, 365--382 (2004)]. By both dynamic and static approaches, it is shown that in the limit of \(L\to\infty\) these fluctuations are given by a centered Gaussian field with its covariance function explicitly calculated. The dynamic approach is based on searching for the stationary solutions of the evolution equation of the fluctuations. The static one is based on a representation of the steady state as a sum over two paths related to Brownian motion and potential respectly. The results show that the weakly asymmetric case differs from the totally asymmetric case as well as the symmetric case.