Parabolic systems with nowhere smooth solutions (Q2487942)

The authors construct \(2\times 2\) parabolic systems \[ \begin{aligned} \partial_{t}w - \text{div}\, D\phi(\nabla w)&=f \quad\text{in}\;\Omega\times(0,T),\tag{1}\\ w(\cdot,0)\equiv 0,\quad w(x,t)&=0 \;\text{for}\;x\in\partial\Omega,\tag{2} \end{aligned} \] where \(\Omega\) is the unit ball in \(\mathbb{R}^{2}\), \(T>0\), \(\alpha\in(0,1)\), \(\eta>0\) and the function \(\phi\) is strongly quasiconvex, \(| D^{2}\phi| \leq C\), \(f\in C^{\alpha}(\Omega\times[0,T],\mathbb{R}^{2})\) with \(\| f\| _{C^{\alpha}}<\eta\) such that \(w\) is a Lipschitz solution of (1), (2) but \(w\) is nowhere \(C^{1}\) in \(\Omega\times(0,T)\). Moreover, if is \(\eta\) sufficiently small, then (1), (2) has at least two solutions. The paper \textit{S. Müller and V. Šverák} [Ann. Math. (2) 157, No. 3, 715--742 (2003; Zbl 1083.35032)] (elliptic counterexample) plays a key role in the construction of the solution of the parabolic system presented here and its solution \(w(x,t)\) is viewed as an exact solution of the elliptic part for fixed \(t\). Solutions to the parabolic system (1), (2) are constructed by very sophisticated methods. The paper has a fundamental meaning for the research in regularity theory for the nonlinear systems of partial differential equations.