On interpolation by radial polynomials (Q2491233)

Let \(x=(x_1,\dots,x_n)\in\mathbb R^d\) and \(\| .\| \) is the Euclidean norm in \(\mathbb R^d\). Denoting \(x_j\equiv x(j)\), \(j=1,\dots,d\), we set \(x^{\alpha}=x(1)^{\alpha(1)}\dots x(d)^{\alpha(d)}\) for \(\alpha\in\mathbb Z^d_+\) and \(\Pi_{\leq k}\equiv span\{x^{\alpha}: \alpha\in\mathbb Z^d_+,| \alpha| \leq k\}\), where \(| \alpha| =\alpha_1+\dots+\alpha_d\). The collection of all polynomials in d variables will be denoted by \(\Pi=\Pi(\mathbb R^d)\). Let \(\lambda:\Pi\to\mathbb R\) is a linear functional on \(\Pi\) and \(\lambda\otimes \lambda:\Pi\otimes\Pi\to \mathbb R\), where \(\lambda\otimes\lambda(x^{\alpha},y^{\beta})=\lambda(x^{\alpha})\lambda(y^{\beta})\). If the functional \(\lambda\) vanishes on \(\Pi_{\leq k}\) then the notation \(\lambda\perp \Pi_{\leq k}\) will be used. The main result of this article is the following Proposition 3. If \(\lambda\perp \Pi_{\leq k-1}\), then \((-1)^k(\lambda\otimes\lambda)\| x-y\| ^{2k}\geq 0\) with equality iff \(\lambda\perp \Pi_{\leq k}\). Corollary 4. \(\lambda\perp \Pi_{\leq k}\) if and only if \((\lambda\otimes\lambda)\| x-y\| ^{2r}=0\), \(0\leq r\leq k\). The proposition 3 is a generalization of a lemma of \textit{C. A. Micchelli} [Constructive Approximation 2, 11--22 (1986; Zbl 0625.41005)].