Cauchy and nonlocal multi-point problems for distributed order pseudo-differential equations. I (Q2492062)

The authors consider a general pseudo-differential problem with distributed order which arises in kinetic theory and in elasticity theory. Namely, they construct a representation formula for solutions of the Cauchy problem \[ \int_{0}^{m}A(r;D)D_{*}^{r}u(t,x)\,dr=B(D)u(t,x),\quad t>0,\;x\in \mathbb{ R}^{n}, \] \[ \frac{\partial ^{k}u(0,x)}{\partial t^{k}}=\varphi _{k}(x),\quad x\in \mathbb{R} ^{n},\;k=0,\dots ,m-1, \] where \(D=(D_{1},\dots ,D_{n})\), \(D_{j}=-i\frac{\partial }{\partial x_{j}},\) \( j=1,\dots ,n,\) and \(A(r;D)\) and \(B(D)\) are pseudo-differential operators. Then, they prove existence and uniqueness of strong and weak solutions in an appropriate space. As pointed out in the paper, an essential feature of this model is that an integration is performed over the order of differentiation and this problem generalizes many existing ones in the literature such as \( D_{*}^{\beta }u(t,x)=B(D)u(t,x),\) \(D_{*}^{\beta }u(t,x)=\Delta u(t,x),\) \( \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}(t,x)=D_{0}^{\alpha }u(t,x),\) \(D_{*}^{\beta }u(t,x)=D_{0}^{\alpha }u(t,x),\) \(\int _{0}^{2}k(q)D^{q}y(t)\,dq+F(y)=f(t),\) \dots etc. Finally, the authors discuss the more general case (multi-point value problem) of the equation in the problem with the condition \[ \sum_{j=0}^{m-1}\Gamma _{k_{j}}(D)\frac{\partial ^{k}u(t_{k_{j}},x) }{\partial t^{k}}=\varphi _{k}(x),\quad x\in \mathbb{R}^{n},\;k=0,\dots ,m-1 \] and outline the related results.