On the properties of the representation of the Boltzmann kinetic equation in the basis of Hermite functions (Q2496469)

The Cauchy problem for the Grad moment system of the distribution function of the monoatomic ideal particles are studied analytically. The system of nonlinear partial differential equations is considered. This system is linearized in the neighborhood of the trivial equilibrium state. The dispersion equations \(D(k,\omega)= 0\) for the 13-, 20-, 21-, and 26-moment systems are obtained representing the solution of the linearized system in the form of one-dimension plane wave \({\mathbf q}(x,t)= \mathbb{C}\exp(kx+\omega t)\). It is shown that all dispersion equations are strictly or non-strictly hyperbolic pencils \[ D(k,\omega)= \sum^N_{j=0}(-i)^j B_j P_j(k, \omega). \] Here \(k,\omega\in \mathbb R\), and \(P_j\) are the hyperbolic polynomials of order \(m,m-1, m-2,\dots,m- N\) \((m-N >0)\). The definition of a hyperbolic pencil are given. The results of the paper are based on an examination of the roots of the dispersion equations. The sufficient conditions for the stability of a polynomial pencil of five polynomials are derived using the Hermite theorem. The properties of a non-strictly hyperbolic pencil of five polynomials are examined.