On univalent solutions of the biharmonic equation (Q2498221)

The biharmonic equation \[ \Delta \Delta u = 0 \] occurs in many physical situations, most important applications are in fluid dynamics and elasticity problems [\textit{St. Bergman, \ M.\ M. Schiffer}, Kernel Functions and Elliptic Differential Equations, (Academic Press, New York) (1953; Zbl 0053.39003)]. A continuous complex-valued function \(F=u+iv\) in a domain \(D \subset \mathbb{C}\) is biharmonic if \(F\) satisfies the biharmonic equation. The paper deals with univalent and starlike biharmonic functions. If \(F\) is biharmonic in any simply connected domain then it holds \(F=r^2G+H,z=re^{i\varphi},\) where \(G\) and \(H\) are harmonic. It is proven for example that if \(F\) is biharmonic in the unit disk and it holds \(F(z) = r^2G(z), | z| <1,\) where \(G\) is harmonic, then \(F\) is starlike whenever \(G\) is starlike.