Area minimizers in a \(K3\) surface and holomorphicity (Q2499327)

From the Wirtinger inequality follows that in a Kähler surface a holomorphic curve is an area minimizer. In this paper the authors prove that there is a strictly stable minimal two-sphere in a \(K3\) surface equipped with a hyper-Kähler metric that is not holomorphic for any compatible complex structure. For Lagrangian area minimizers and Lagrangian homology classes the authors consider similar questions and prove that there is an integral Lagrangian homology class and a hyper-Kähler metric such that no minimizer of area among Lagrangian two-spheres consists only of branched immersions. In particular, there is a Lagrangian two-sphere which is a minimizer of area among Lagrangians that is not regular. A simpler proof of this result is given by \textit{J. Wolfson} [J. Differ. Geom. 71, No. 2, 307--313 (2005; Zbl 1097.53052)]. At the end, they give a new proof of a theorem of \textit{S. K. Donaldson} [Surveys in differential geometry, Int. Press, Somerville, MA, 107--127 (2000; Zbl 1106.53037)] relating stability, holomorphicity and the normal Euler number of a surface in a \(K3\) surface. This result suggests that the class they use in the construction is optimal in a certain sense.