Complete and stable \(O(p+1) \times O(q+1)\)-invariant hypersurfaces with zero scalar curvature in Euclidean space \(\mathbb R^{p+q+2}\) (Q2501132)

In [\textit{E. Bombieri, E. de Giorgi}, and \textit{E. Giusti}, Invent. Math., 243--268 (1969; Zbl 0183.25901)] Bombieri et al. studied the action of \(O(m) \times O(n)\) on \(\mathbb R^{m+n}\) and showed the existence of complete minimal hypersurfaces of \(\mathbb R^{m+n},\) invariant under the action of this group. Their technique has been extended also to hypersurfaces of scalar curvature zero. For example, \textit{J. Sato} [Ann. Global Anal. Geom. 22, No. 2, 135--153 (2002; Zbl 1036.53039)] studied the hypersurfaces of \(\mathbb R^{2p + 2}\) which are invariant under the action of the group \(O(p+1)\times O(p+1)\). Here, the authors further extend this study in relation to the (standard) action of the group \(O(p+1)\times O(q+1)\) on \(\mathbb R^{p+q+2} = \mathbb R^{p+1}\times \mathbb R^{q+1},\) where \(p, q > 1\) are now arbitrary. The orbit space of this action is naturally identified with the first quadrant in \(\mathbb R^2, \; \Omega = \{(x, y)\in \mathbb R^2 | \, x \geq 0, \, y \geq 0 \},\) with each point of \(\Omega \) corresponding to a principal orbit (a product of spheres). The invariant hypersurfaces are generated by the so-called profile curves \(\gamma (t) = (x(t), y(t)).\) When an invariant hypersurface has zero scalar curvature the profile curve is classified as one of the four types (A), (B), (C), and (D). For type (A), \(\gamma (t)\) is one of the rays \(\gamma_1(t) = ((\cos\alpha ) t, (\sin\alpha ) t),\;\) \(\gamma_2(t) = ((\cos\beta ) t , (\sin\beta ) t)\) with \(\alpha , \beta\) being the \(\pm\) values of \(\arctan\left(\sqrt{ \frac{pq \pm \sqrt{pq (p+q-1)}}{p(p-1)}}\right)\). Type (B) curves are those regular curves which intersect orthogonally one of the positive axes and are asymptotic to one of the rays in (A). Curves of type (C) are unions of two curves with singularity at the meeting point, the two curves asymptotic to rays in (A). Type (D) are regular curves not intersecting the boundary and are asymptotic to both rays in (A). The authors prove several results. First, they classify an \(O(p+1)\times O(q+1)\)-invariant hypersurface in \(\mathbb R^{p+q+2}\) with zero scalar curvature whose profile curve makes a constant angle with the axes as one of the cones \(C_\alpha , C_\beta \) generated by a profile curve of type (A). Moreover they produce a classification theorem for \(O(p+1)\times O(q+1)\)-invariant hypersurfaces in \(\mathbb R^{p+q+2}, \, p, q > 1,\) with zero scalar curvature as cones with a singularity at the origin, the hypersurfaces having one orbit of singularities and are asymptotic to both cones \(C_\alpha, C_\beta\), or regular hypersurfaces are asymptotic to one or both of the above-mentioned cones. Among the hypersurfaces studied with zero scalar curvature are hypersurfaces generated by a curve of type (B) for \(p + q \geq 7\) which are globally and strongly 1-stable. Such hypersurfaces provide counter-examples to a Bernstein-type conjecture for immersions with zero scalar curvature.