Taking latitude with Ptolemy: Jamshīd al-Kāshī novel geometric model of the motions of the inferior planets (Q2501246)

The treatment of his planetary model by Ptolemy has two important defects. He uses plane trigonometry, which results is his replacing sines by arcs in several instances, and he does not investigate the relations between the different motions of the planes carrying deferent and epicycle. The author analyses a chapter in the 15th. Cent. Persian astronomer Jamsh\-ıd al-Kāshī's Khākānī\ Zīj, in which both defects are remedied by treating both deferent and epicycle as great circles on wobbling spheres and using spherical trigonometry, explaining the mathematics in detail. A translation of the chapter by \textit{Sergei Tourkin} (St. Petersburg) is included in an appendix.