A relationship between bounds on the sum of squares of degrees of a graph (Q2504092)

Let \(G\) be a simple graph on \(n\) vertices and \(e\) edges, with degree sequence \(d_1,d_2,\dots,d_n\). Let \(m_i\) denote the average of the degrees of vertices adjacent to vertex \(i\). The work of \textit{D. de Caen} [Discrete Math. 185, 245--248 (1998; Zbl 0955.05059)] and \textit{K. C. Das} [Discrete Math. 285, 57--66 (2004; Zbl 1051.05033)] combined states that \(4e^2/n\leq \sum_i d_i^2 \leq e\cdot \max_j \{d_j+m_j\}\leq e({2e\over n-1}+n-2).\) The present paper studies some cases when equality holds in these inequalities. The paper overlooks that the characterization of equality in the first inequality easily follows from the fact that we know when the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality holds with equality.