Regularity of the Bergman projection on forms and plurisubharmonicity conditions (Q2509010)

Let \(\Omega\) be a relatively compact domain in \(\mathbb{C}^n\), smoothly bounded. The Bergman projections \(B_j\), are the orthogonal projection of square integrable \((0, j)\) forms into its subspace of \(\bar\partial\)-closed square integrable \((0, j)\) forms. If \(N_j\) is the \(\bar\partial\)-Neumann operator acting on \((0, j)\) forms it follows from \textit{H. P. Boas} and \textit{E. J. Straube} [Manuscr. Math. 67, 25--33 (1990; Zbl 0695.32011)] that \(N_j\) is globally regular iff \(B_{j - 1}\), \(B_j\) and \(B_{j + 1}\) are. The authors prove the following result. Let \(\Omega\) be as above, suppose that there exists a smooth defining function \(r\) on \(\Omega\) which satisfies condition \((H_q)\): The sum of any \(q\) eigenvalues of \(\left(\dfrac{\partial^2}{\partial z_k \partial \bar z_j}\right)\) is non negative on \(\bar\Omega\). Then the operators \(B_j\) are globally regular for \(q \leq j \leq n\). In fact the condition \((H_q)\) can be weakened to the condition \(\left( H_q^{bdry}\right)\) which requires the non negativity as above only on the boundary \(b \Omega\) of \(\Omega\). (This covers a previous result of \textit{H. P. Boas} and \textit{E. J. Straube} [Math. Z. 206, 81--88 (1991; Zbl 0696.32008)], which corresponds to the case \(q = 1\).) The authors' result gives many examples of domains where the Bergman projection on functions is not regular, but the \(B_j\)'s are (extending a counter example in \(\mathbb{C}^2\) due to \textit{D. E. Barrett} [Ann. Math. 119, 431--436 (1984; Zbl 0566.32016)] to \(\mathbb{C}^m\) with \(m > 2\).) The basic tool used by the authors is a Hardy-type estimate for the \(\bar\partial\)-complex, namely if \(\Omega\) satisfies condition \(H_q\), then, for \(s \in [0, 1)\) there exists a smooth defined function \(r\) for \(\Omega\) such that \(\int(-r)^{-2 + s} | [\bar\partial^*, r] u| ^2 \lesssim ((-r)^s \bar\partial u, \bar\partial u) + ((-r)^s \bar\partial^*u, \bar\partial^* u)\) holds for all \(u \in \mathcal{D}^{0, q}(\Omega)\) and the constant in \(\lesssim\) depends on \(s\), where \(\mathcal{D}^{0, q}(\Omega) = \text{Dom} (\bar\partial^*)\cap \Lambda^{0, q}(\bar\Omega)\), (\(\Lambda^{0, q}(\bar\Omega)\) denotes the space of \((0, q)\) forms with coefficients in \(\mathcal{C}^\infty (\Omega)\)). The authors first prove a quantitative form of the main result: If \(\Omega\) as above satisfies condition \((H_q)\) the Bergman projection \(B_j\) is continuous in the Sobolev space \(H_{0, j}^s(\Omega)\), \(s > 0\) for \(i \in \{q - 1, \dots, n - 1\}\). To prove that \(\| B_j f\| _k \leq C_k \| f\| _k\) holds for all integers \(k\) one uses a downward on \(j\) as well as an upward induction on the \(k\).