Eigenvalue problem and a new product in cohomology of flag varieties (Q2509020)

Let \(G\) be a connected semisimple complex algebraic group and \(P\) be a parabolic subgroup. In this paper the authors define a new (commutative and associative) product on the cohomology of the homogeneous space \(G/P\). This new product is a certain deformation of the classical product. Moreover, if \(P\) is a minuscule maximal parabolic (e.g., any maximal parabolic in \(\text{SL}(n)\) is minuscule), the new product coincides with the classical one. However, for any nonmaximal parabolic even in \(\text{SL}(n)\), the two products are different. Using the new product, more efficient solutions of the eigenvalue problem and the problem of determining the existence of \(G\)-invariants in the tensor product of irreducible \(G\)-representations are obtained. On the other hand, the new product turns out to be intimately connected with the Lie algebra cohomology of the nil-radical of \(P\) via some works of Kostant and Kumar. The authors also initiate a uniform study of the geometric Horn problem for an arbitrary group \(G\) by obtaining two (a priori) different sets of necessary recursive conditions to determine when a cohomology product of Schubert classes in \(G/P\) is non-zero.