Linear forms in logarithms and integral points on higher-dimensional varieties (Q2509414)

Let \(X\) be a nonsingular projective variety defined over a number field \(k\) and \(S\) a set of places of \(k\) containing the archimedean places. When \(X\) is a curve, \textit{A. Baker} [Transcendental number theory. London: Cambridge University Press (1975; Zbl 0297.10013)] developed the most widely used methods for studying \(S\)-integral points on \(X\) using the theory of linear forms in logarithms. In this article they consider the theory of linear forms in logarithms and applications to integral points on higher-dimensional varieties. The main theorem is an effective result on \(S\)-integral points on certain higher-dimensional varieties when the cardinality of \(S\) is sufficiently small. When the variety is a curve, this main theorem is equivalent to a theorem of \textit{Y. Bilu} [Israel J. Math. 90, No. 1--3, 235--252 (1995; Zbl 0840.11028)]. After proving the main theorem, the author provides a corollary involving integral points on surfaces. As an application of the result on surfaces, they prove an effective result on two-variable polynomials that take on \(S\)-unit values at \(S\)-unit arguments when \(|S|\leq 3\). This generalizes an effective result of Vojta [\textit{P. A. Vojta}, 1983, \url{http://search.proquest.com/docview/303162150}] on the three-variable unit equation \(a_1u_1 +a_2u_2 +a_3u_3 = 1\) by giving an effective solution of the polynomial unit equation \(f(u, v) = w\), where \(u, v\), and \(w\) are \(S\)-units, and \(f\) is a polynomial satisfying certain generically satisfied conditions. They also compare their results to a higher-dimensional version of Runge's method previously studied by the author [J. Théor. Nombres Bordx. 20, No. 2, 385--417 (2008; Zbl 1179.11018)].