Asymptotic behavior of solutions of inhomogeneous linear second order difference equations with constant coefficients (Q2509491)

The main aim of this paper is to study the following second-order difference equation \[ f_{0}= s_{0}\qquad f_{1}= s_{1}\qquad f_{n}= \alpha_{n}+ \beta f_{n-1}+ \gamma f_{n-2}, \quad n\geq 2, \tag{1} \] where \((\alpha_{n})_{n\geq 2}\) is a given real sequence and the real numbers \(\beta, \gamma, s_{0}\) and \(s_{1}\) are arbitrarily fixed. Parallel to this, the author also considers the following two initial value problems \[ g_{0}= s_{0}\qquad g_{1}= s_{1}\qquad g_{n}= \beta g_{n-1}+ \gamma g_{n-2}, \quad n\geq 2, \tag{2} \] and \[ h_{0}= 1\qquad h_{1}= \beta\qquad h_{n}= \beta h_{n-1}+ \gamma g_{n-2}, \quad n\geq 2. \tag{3} \] In the second section, the general solution of (3) is described, after that the following result is proved for (1). Let us assume that the sequences \((f_{n})_{n\in \mathbb{N}}\), \((g_{n})_{n\in \mathbb{N}}\) and \((h_{n})_{n\in \mathbb{N}}\) are defined through (1), (2) and (3), respectively. Then the following two assertions are valid. For all \(n\in \mathbb{N}\), we have \[ g_{n}= s_{0}h_{n}+ (s_{1}-\beta s_{0})h_{n-1}. \] Furthermore, for any \(n\in \mathbb{N}\), the following decomposition is valid \[ f_{n}= g_{n}+ \sum_{k=0}^{n-2}\alpha_{n-k}h_{k}. \] Finally, the last section contains some results about the asymptotic behavior of the studied recursions.