Maharam-types and Lyapunov's theorem for vector measures on Banach spaces (Q2509818)

The classical theorem of A. A. Lyapunov states that the range of an X-valued nonatomic measure is convex if \(X\) is finite-dimensional. A natural question pertaining to this theorem is: do its conclusions regarding the convexity and closure of the range hold for a vector measure taking values in an infinite dimensional Banach space but defined on a saturated space, and dispensing with the noninjectivity condition of the earlier control-theory literature? This question is examined and answered in this paper by providing a complete characterization of the theorem: one that identifies a saturated measure space to be necessary and sufficient for the validity of its conclusions in the case of an infinite-dimensional Banach space that is not necessarily separable no has the Radon-Nikodym property (RNP). It is shown that the exact version of Lyapuov's theorem holds for a saturated vector measure that may not have a Radon-Nikodym derivative, and thus holds for vector measures in a Banach space with RNP. The sufficiency part is based on \textit{D. Maharam} [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 28, 108--111 (1942; Zbl 0063.03723)] and re-emphasised by \textit{D. N. Hoover} and \textit{H. J. Keisler} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 286, 159--201 (1984; Zbl 0548.60019)]. Two applications are discussed in order to bring out the power of the saturation property.